Designing of wind farms, wind parks

Today, wind power is one of the safest forms of electricity. Ukraine has high wind potential for wind power development. Due to the high tariff for wind energy, the investment climate of Ukraine is quite attractive. In 2019, Ukraine ranked in the top five in Europe, where the most number of wind farms were installed in the first half of 2019. In total, 637 MW of wind power capacity was introduced in 2019. Also, Ukraine is in 8th place in the ranking of the most attractive countries for investments in green energy. Thanks to government reforms in the energy sector, the size of investments is increasing every year. In 2018, 801 million dollars were invested in new renewable energy, an increase of $ 755 million from 2017.

Design of wind farms must be carried out in compliance with a number of laws Ukraine, including:

• DSTU 8339:2015 Impact assessment of wind farms on the environment;
• DSTU 8292: 2015 Connection to energy system; DSTU 4037-2001 Wind energy turbines. General specifications and others.
• Sectoral Guidance Document 3-004-2000. Wind turbines. Determination of capacity characteristics.
• Sectoral Guidance Document 003.004.001-2000. Feasibility study of investments in wind farm construction;
• Sectoral Guidance Document 341.003.001.002-2000. Rules for design of wind farms;
• Sectoral Guidance Document 341.003.001.001-2000 Connection of wind energy facilities to the grid. Procedure and requirements. Amendments and others.
• Organization of Ukraine standard 180-66:2006 Wind energy. Wind turbines. The order of delivery for mass production;
• Organization of Ukraine standard 27.180-65:2006 Wind energy. Wind turbines. The order of acceptance tests of prototypes;
• Organization of Ukraine standard 40.1-00100227-101:2014 Rules of technological design of energy systems and electrical grid 35 kV and above;
• Organization of Ukraine standard 341.001:2019 Requirements for wind farms and solar plants when operating in parallel with the Integrated Power System of Ukraine.
• Electrical Installations Code 2017
• Law of Ukraine “On Regulation of Urban Development Activity”.
• Law of Ukraine “On the Basics of Urban Development.
• Law of Ukraine “On high risk objects” of January 18, 2001.
• Civil Protection Code of Ukraine, dated October 2, 2012, No. 5403L/I.

Before design of wind farm, it is necessary to involve scientists to determine the level of impact on the flora and fauna and the possibility of construction a wind farm: how the future wind farm is safe for the migration of birds and bats. Ecologists conduct field studies (day and night) to determine a state of flora and fauna in the design of a future wind farm. Together with ecologists the field of the future wind farm is also being surveyed by design engineers regarding the technical feasibility of installing wind turbines.

Prior to construction, studies of the relative suitability of the terrain for the wind farms construction are carried out. Anemometers are installed at a height of 30 to 100 meters and collect data of wind speed and direction for 1-2 years speed and direction information for 1-2 years. Then, this data is combined into wind power maps, based on which the future owner can estimate the profitability of the project.

The design of wind farms takes into account the health effects during operations of wind farms. Prior to the construction of wind farms, a preliminary calculation of the noise level and shadow flickering is made. In many countries, noise levels are strictly regulated. In Ukraine, the noise level of the operating wind farm is determined by the State Sanitary Rules 173-96 and is 45 dB at night. Shadow flickering is not regulated by the current legislation of Ukraine. With the help of WindPro software, we calculate the noise pollution and shadow flickering when operating wind farms.

We offer design of on-shore wind farms within the territory of Ukraine.

Stages of development of the project of wind farm:

1. Drafting a business plan for the project implementation.
2. Performing topographic and geodetic surveys of land.
3. Implementation of feasibility study for connection of wind farm to the electricity grids.
4. Registration of property rights or use of the land plot, obtaining urban development conditions and restrictions of development or construction the land plot.
5. Development of the terms of reference for the design and in accordance with its design documentation.
6. Expertise of construction projects and obtaining permits for construction works of the wind farm at the State Architectural and Construction Inspection of Ukraine.
7. Obtaining a license for electricity production.
8. Execution of construction, installation and commissioning works of the power delivery scheme.
9. Obtaining a certificate for operation of the energy delivery scheme and renewable energy source at the State Architectural and Construction Inspection of Ukraine.
10. Sale of generated electricity by “green” tariff.

If you decide to construct a wind farm, you need to consider in more detail the stage of drafting a business plan for the project. Therefore, here’s a look at what the wind park business plan is:

1. Defining the purpose and objectives of the project.
2. Overview of the market where electricity will be sold.
3. Determining the type of construction. New construction or renovation of the object.
4. Determining the size of land for the construction of wind farms.
5. Determination of the planned capacity of the wind farm.
6. Technical description of the project of wind farm.
7. Choice of equipment for wind farms.
8. Determination of the cost of construction and commissioning works of a wind farm.
9. Determination of the forecasted value of wind power production for the year.
10. SWOT analysis, taking into account the description of the positive socio-economic factors arising from the implementation of the wind farm project, namely:

• New job opportunities;
• Technical re-equipment of electrical networks;
• Reduction of fossil fuel consumption in electricity production;
• Environmental impact (prevention of pollutants emissions into the atmosphere, conducting of EIA – environmental impact assessment).

11. Forecasting the terms of construction.
12. Determination of the main economic and financial indicators of the project (investment volume, operating costs, payback period of the project).

In 2019, MCL’s project team designed 10 wind energy projects 10 projects in Zhytomyr and Volyn regions. The capacity of the designed wind energy facilities in the Zhytomyr region ranged from 21 to 111 MW, and in Volyn – from 63 to 72 MW.

MCL is a member of the Ukrainian Wind Energy Association (UWEA), which allows involving the best specialists of the wind power sector of Ukraine in the process of design of wind farm. Choosing MCL – you choose the best for your business!