Compliance of the sanitary-hygienic zone of cemetery
The last data of Minregion, in Ukraine there are 33 thousands of cemeteries, but only 26 thousands of which correspond to the Rules of Maintenance. Unfortunately, today burial spots are not enough. By count of the Department of the maintenance and public utility services of Minregion is required to install at least 550 burial spots. This is more actual for Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Lviv and Zakarpattia regions. Due to the overload, local cemeteries expand, disturbing the sizes of sanitary-hygienic zones. That’s why, the question of planning and constructing of the additional burial spots is top-priority.
The sanitary-hygienic zone of cemetery is a territory around object, that is a source of hazardous substances. Because, the sanitary-hygienic zone of cemetery is defined for its separation from residential buildings. The sizes of sanitary-hygienic zone of are determined in the State Sanitary Rules №173 dated 19th of June 1996:
– 300 meters from the cemeteries of the traditional burial and crematorium to public and residential buildings, collective and vegetables gardens and recreation areas;
– 100 meters from the cemeteries for the burial of burial urns to public and residential buildings, as well as buildings of equal value to them;
– 500 meters from the cemeteries located upper the settlement about the underground water, that fill the local wells and other sources of decentralized water supply.
The sanitary-hygienic zone protects from the harmful impact of chemical compounds (sulphurated hydrogen, ammonia, mercaptans). If the sanitary-hygienic norms are violated or in case of floods or heavy rainfalls, there will be a hazard of pollution of the ground and surface-water, and atmospheric air.
The hazard of such neighborhood is that the organic remains of the deceased can be the agent of fatal diseases. They can cause the infections, because they don’t die immediately, they can be expanded by the rodents and flies.
It is extremely important to comply with the sanitary and hygienic requirements in the process of planning territories of settlements, especially villages and rural settlements, and extending the sizes of cemeteries. Why is it important for towns and villages? There is no centralized water supply system, so there is a threat of groundwater contamination, and as a result, water in the wells. Contamination of water for drinking and technological needs cause not only an ecological catastrophe, and can be the threat to human life and health.
The sizes of sanitary-hygienic zone of cemeteries can be sanitary-hygienic zone if all residential buildings will be provided by the centralized water supply system. It is difficult to say about the availability of centralized water supply in Ukrainian rural settlements. Often water is taken from wells and own wells. Due to this the sizes of sanitary-hygienic zone should be complied.